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目的:探讨妊娠期高血压疾病(HDCP)发病的危险因素及其对妊娠结局的影响,以期为HDCP的诊断和早期预防提供一定的临床依据。方法:选择2011年11月到2014年11月在我院接受治疗的120例HDCP患者,设为实验组,同期选择120例正常孕产妇作为对照组。自制调查问卷调查受试者的临床资料以及妊娠结局,分析HDCP的危险因素,对比观察两组妊娠结局的差异。结果:(1)单因素分析显示,HDCP发病的危险因素可能有:年龄、体质指数(BMI)、月收入、高血压家族史、孕期并发症、负面情绪、文化程度(均P<0.05)。(2)进一步行多因素非条件Logistic回归分析显示,HDCP发病的危险因素有:BMI、高血压家族史、负面情绪及文化程度。(3)实验组患者胎儿窘迫、低体重儿、新生儿窒息、围产儿死亡及胎儿畸形的发生率均明显高于对照组,具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:导致HDCP发病的危险因素较多,主要有BMI、高血压家族史、负面情绪及文化程度等,这些因素极易导致不良妊娠结局。
Objective: To investigate the risk factors of pregnancy-induced hypertension (HDCP) and its effect on pregnancy outcome in order to provide some clinical evidence for the diagnosis and early prevention of HDCP. Methods: A total of 120 HDCP patients treated in our hospital from November 2011 to November 2014 were selected as experimental group and 120 normal pregnant women as control group. Self-made questionnaire survey subjects clinical data and pregnancy outcomes, analysis of HDCP risk factors, compared the difference between the two groups of pregnancy outcomes. Results: (1) Univariate analysis showed that the risk factors of HDCP may include age, body mass index (BMI), monthly income, family history of hypertension, pregnancy complications, negative emotions and education level (all P <0.05). (2) Further analysis of multivariate non-conditional logistic regression showed that the risk factors of HDCP were: BMI, family history of hypertension, negative emotion and education level. (3) The incidences of fetal distress, low birth weight, neonatal asphyxia, perinatal mortality and fetal malformations in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion: There are many risk factors for the pathogenesis of HDCP, including BMI, family history of hypertension, negative emotions and education level. These factors can lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes.