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以玉米杂交种郑单958为材料,研究在7.5万株/hm~2条件下大喇叭口期、吐丝期去根处理对植株根系形态及产量的影响。结果表明,吐丝期去根处理的植株穗粒数、千粒重和产量较不去根处理的植株分别提高8.70%、4.74%和1.98%;大喇叭口期去根处理的植侏分别降低16.53%、10.29%和2.74%。吐丝期去根处理的植株地上部总干物重和分配至果穗中的干物质比例最高,较对照分别增加0.72%和4.96%。两种去根处理显著增加0~10 cm土层内的根系长度,尤其增加0.5~1.0 mm毛细根的数量,利于对耕层水分和营养的吸收。大喇叭口期去根处理增加各土层内的根系表面积和根体积,吐丝期去根处理增加0~10 cm土层内的根系表面积和根体积。密植高产玉米群体存在根系冗余,在玉米吐丝期适当去根处理对玉米产量的提高具有促进作用。
Taking Zhengdan 958 as a maize hybrid, the effect of 75 mmol / hm ~ 2 on the morphology and yield of plant roots was studied in the process of boll-opening and silking. The results showed that the number of spikelets per plant, the 1000-grain weight and the yield of detached roots increased by 8.70%, 4.74% and 1.98%, respectively; , 10.29% and 2.74% respectively. The highest proportion of dry matter above ground and dry matter distributed to ear in the treatment of silking stage was 0.72% and 4.96% higher than that of control. The two root treatments significantly increased root length in 0-10 cm soil layer, especially increased the number of 0.5-1.0 mm capillary root, which was conducive to the absorption of water and nutrients in topsoil. In the period of large trumpet, the root surface area and root volume in each soil layer increased, and the root surface area and root volume in 0-10 cm soil layer during rooting phase were increased. The root system redundancy existed in the densely populated and high-yielding maize population. Appropriate root removal at the stage of corn silking could promote the increase of maize yield.