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为研究简捷、特异、敏感的检测胰腺癌Ｋｒａｓ基因点突变的方法及其在胰腺疾病中定性诊断的价值，采用针对该基因点突变方式（ＣＧＴ、ＧＡＴ、ＧＴＴ）设计的顺序特异性引物（ＳＳＰ），先后对胰腺癌石蜡包埋组织、冰冻新鲜组织、细针穿刺组织及胰液进行多聚酶链反应（ＰＣＲ），扩增产物借助常规电泳和染色检测有无Ｋｒａｓ基因突变及突变方式。结果显示：胰腺癌石蜡包埋组织、冰冻新鲜组织、细针穿刺组织及胰液中Ｋｒａｓ基因点突变率分别为７４．２％、９５．１％、９１．４％及９４．１％，而所有被检测的慢性胰腺炎、胰岛素瘤、壶腹癌、胆管癌、十二指肠乳头癌及外伤胰腺的组织标本和胰液标本均无Ｋｒａｓ基因突变，无假阳性发生。研究表明：该检测法快速、简便、特异、敏感，具有临床实用性，可以作为鉴别胰腺肿块良、恶性和诊断胰腺癌的一种方法
In order to study a simple, specific, and sensitive method for detecting K-ras point mutations in pancreatic cancer and its value in qualitative diagnosis of pancreatic diseases, sequential specific primers designed for point mutations (CGT, GAT, GTT) of this gene were used. (SSP) has performed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on paraffin-embedded tissue, frozen fresh tissue, fine needle aspiration tissue, and pancreatic juice of pancreatic cancer. The amplified products were detected by conventional electrophoresis and staining for K ras gene mutation and mutation patterns. . The results showed that the K ras gene point mutation rates in paraffin-embedded tissues, frozen fresh tissue, fine needle aspiration tissue, and pancreatic juice were 74.2%, 95.1%, 91.4%, and 94.1%, respectively. None of the chronic pancreatitis, insulinoma, ampullary carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, duodenal papillary carcinoma and pancreatic tissue specimens and pancreatic fluid specimens tested had K-ras mutations and no false positives. Studies have shown that this method is rapid, simple, specific, sensitive, and clinically useful. It can be used as a method to distinguish pancreatic mass from benign and malignant and to diagnose pancreatic cancer.