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目的了解陶瓷行业噪声危害的现状,探讨预防和控制措施。方法按国家噪声测量规范与标准,检测陶瓷生产过程中劳动作业点的40h噪声等效声级(Lex,w)。结果共对102家陶瓷厂的压砖、烘干窑、上釉、烧成窑、磨边和收砖工序进行检测,超限率分别为53.0%、12.3%、3.6%、2.5%、100%和87.7%;共检测684点,超限率37.0%,其中≥90dB(A)以上的有62个点(24.5%)。结论陶瓷行业存在噪声危害的工序多,磨边、压砖、收砖超限严重,应加强监管力度,对接触噪声者发放防护耳塞并强制佩戴,最大限度降低噪声危害。
Objective To understand the current status of noise hazards in ceramic industry and to explore preventive and control measures. Methods According to the national norms and standards of noise measurement, the noise equivalent sound level (Lex, w) of 40h during the ceramic production process was tested. Results A total of 102 ceramic factories were tested for pressure bricking, drying kiln, glazing, kiln firing, edge grinding and taping. The overrun rates were 53.0%, 12.3%, 3.6%, 2.5%, 100% And 87.7% respectively. A total of 684 points were detected with an overrun rate of 37.0%, of which 62 points (24.5%) were above 90 dB (A). Conclusion There are many noise hazards in the ceramic industry. There are many processes such as edging, brick pressing and brick retracting. The supervision and control should be strengthened, and protective earplugs should be provided to those who are exposed to noise and forced to wear them to minimize noise damage.