Graded 2D/3D (CF3-PEA)2FA0.85MA0.15Pb2I7/FA0.85MA0.15PbI3 heterojunction for stable perovskite solar

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The replacement of small cations with bulkier organic cations containing long alkyl chains or benzene rings to form a thin two-dimensional (2D) perovskite passivation layer on three-dimensional (3D) per-ovskite (2D/3D) has become a promising strategy for improving both the efficiency and stability of per-ovskite solar cells (PSCs).The 2D layer defines the interfacial chemistry and physics at the 2D/3D bilayer and endows the 2D/3D structure with better chemical and thermal stability.Herein,2D/3D (CF3-PEA)2FA0.85MA0.15Pb2I7/FA0.85MA0.15PbI3 planar heterojunction perovskite was produced using a facile interfacial ion exchange process.The 2D (CF3-PEA)2FA0.85MA0.15Pb2I7 capping layer can not only passivate the FA0.85MA0.15Pbl3 film but also act as super-hydrophobic layer to inhibit water diffusion and signifi-cantly enhance the stability.The 2D capping layer can also establish a unique graded band structure at the perovskite/Spiro-OMeTAD interface and lead to p-type doping for Spiro-OMeTAD layer which is ben-eficial for efficient charge transport.Optimized PSCs based on this 2D/3D heterojunction yield a cham-pion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.1% and improved stability.The device maintains 84%output for 2400 h aging under ambient environmental conditions without encapsulation,and maintains 81% for 200 h under illumination with encapsulation,This work will inspire the design of more fluori-nated 2D perovskite interfaces for advanced photovoltaics and beyond.
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