论文部分内容阅读
以鄱阳湖流域内的赣江、抚河、信江、饶河和修水(五河)和鄱阳湖为研究对象,利用水文控制站的水文资料,分析了各流域内主要河流的入湖泥沙和鄱阳湖出湖泥沙特征,对鄱阳湖泥沙收支平衡进行了分析。结果表明:1 1955~2010年五河总入湖泥沙811.69 Mt,其中赣江(占59.7%)>信江(占13.7%)>修河(占10.2%)>抚河(占9.7%)>饶河(占6.7%);2径流量是影响入湖输沙量的最主要因素,入湖泥沙与入湖径流的季节特征一致;3水库的蓄水拦沙作用是五河入湖泥沙下降的主要原因,但水库对入湖泥沙的影响强度与水库库容和集水区的植被覆盖状况有关;植被覆盖变化对赣江、抚河、饶河和修河的入湖输沙量的影响明显;4 1955~2010年,鄱阳湖总出湖泥沙560.10 Mt,其中1955~2000年出湖泥沙量呈降低趋势,但受鄱阳湖采砂影响,2001年以来出湖泥沙显著增加;丰水季长江水对鄱阳湖的顶托和倒灌,使出湖泥沙与出湖径流在时间上不同步;三峡工程的运行改变了(长)江(鄱阳)湖之间的水动力关系,长江倒灌泥沙显著减少;5受鄱阳湖采砂的影响,鄱阳湖泥沙平衡系统由净沉积转变为净侵蚀,1955~2000年入湖泥沙大于出湖泥沙,年均泥沙沉积约为1.41 mm;2001~2010年出湖泥沙大于入湖泥沙,加上采砂输出沙量,2001~2010年鄱阳湖泥沙净减少2 213.65 Mt。
Based on the hydrological data of Ganjiang, Fuhe, Xinjiang, Raohe and Xiushui (Five Rivers) and Poyang Lake in Poyang Lake Basin, the hydrological data of hydrological control stations were used to analyze the effects of sediment infiltration Poyang Lake sediment characteristics, the Poyang Lake sediment balance was analyzed. The results show that: 1 from 1955 to 2010, the five rivers are 811.69 Mt of sediment, of which Gan River (59.7%), Xin River (13.7%), Xiu River (10.2%), Fuhe (9.7%), Raohe (6.7%); 2 Runoff is the most important factor affecting the amount of sediment entering the lake; the sediment inflow into the lake is consistent with the seasonal characteristics of runoff into the lake; However, the effect of reservoir on the sediment concentration in the lake is related to the vegetation cover of the reservoir and the catchment. The change of vegetation cover on the sediment input into the lake in Gan River, Fu River, Rao River and Xiu River 4 From 1955 to 2010, the total sediment discharge from Lake Poyang Lake was 560.10 Mt, of which the sediment discharge from 1955 to 2000 showed a decreasing trend. However, due to the sand mining in Poyang Lake, the sediment discharge from the lake increased significantly since 2001 ; The peak water supply and back influx of the Yangtze River water to Poyang Lake in Fengshui season made the outflow of sediment and outflow from the lake not synchronized in time; the operation of the Three Gorges Project changed the hydrodynamic relationship between the Changjiang (Poyang) Lake , The Yangtze River sediment intrusion significantly reduced; 5 Poyang Lake sand mining effect, Poyang Lake sediment balance system from net sediment into net erosion, 1955 to 2000 into the lake sediment is greater than the mud , About 1.41 mm average sedimentation; 2001 to 2010 is greater than a lake sand sediment into the lake, together with the output excavation sediment, Lake sediment 2001 to 2010 net decrease of 2 213.65 Mt.