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现实生活中,反倾销已经被广泛视为一个国家的产业受到外国不正当竞争威胁时必要的保护手段。随着我国经济改革的不断深入,对外贸易的不断扩大,国外对我国的出口企业提出反倾销的诉讼日益增多,从79年欧共体对中国的糖精和闹钟提出反倾销以来,美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰、巴西、日本、墨西哥、韩国和阿根廷等纷纷对我国实施了反倾销投诉。17年间,反倾销案达180多起,这还不包括1993年4月15日墨西哥对我国出口的纺织、服装、手工具、家电、自行车、玩具、氟石、有机化工等十大类4500多种商品(占我国对墨西哥出口商品的75%)所进行的大规模反倾销,这其中的绝大多数案件以进口国征收反倾销税或我国企业承担提价、减少出口数量而结束。据统计,由于被征收反倾销税,中方94年直接损失达数十亿美元,间接损失无法估量。可见,加强对国际反倾销问题的研究,利用国际惯例和合法有效的手段对付对华的反倾销,已经显得十分必要和迫切了。
In real life, anti-dumping has been widely regarded as a necessary means of protection for a country’s industries threatened by unfair competition by foreign countries. With the continuous deepening of China’s economic reform and the continuous expansion of foreign trade, foreign lawsuits against China’s export enterprises for anti-dumping have been increasing. Since the European Community initiated anti-dumping on China’s saccharin and alarm clock in 1979, the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Brazil, Japan, Mexico, South Korea and Argentina have filed anti-dumping complaints against our country one after another. Over the 17 years, more than 180 cases of anti-dumping have been filed, which does not include more than 4500 categories of textiles, clothing, hand tools, household appliances, bicycles, toys, fluorite and organic chemicals exported to China on April 15, Large-scale anti-dumping measures against commodities (accounting for 75% of China’s exports to Mexico), the vast majority of which ended with the anti-dumping duties levied by the importing countries or the price hikes by Chinese enterprises to reduce the volume of exports. According to statistics, due to the anti-dumping duties imposed, the direct losses of the Chinese side reached billions of U.S. dollars in 1994, and the indirect losses can not be estimated. Obviously, it is necessary and urgent to step up research on the international anti-dumping issue, use international practices and legally effective measures to deal with the anti-dumping against China.