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前苏联著名心理学家维果茨基在研究“教学与发展”的关系问题时,确定了儿童的两种发展水平:即“现有发展水平”和“最近发展区”。并指出,我们的教育活动应建立在学生的第二种水平之上,应立足于不断地将其“最近发展区”转化为“现有发展水平”,使全部教育工作走在学生发展的前面。实验教学生动、形象、感染力强,恰当地使用它,有助于激发学生的学习兴趣,充分调动学生的学习情感,规范学生的学习行为,能有效地开发学生的“最近发展区”。下面谈谈我在初中物理教学中的一些做法和体会,并和广大同行共同商榷,以求斧正。
When the former Soviet Union’s famous psychologist Vygotsky studied the relationship between “teaching and development”, he identified two levels of child development: the “existing level of development” and the “most recent development area”. He also pointed out that our educational activities should be based on the second level of students. We should base our efforts on constantly converting our “recent development zone” into “existing development level,” so that all education work will be ahead of student development. . The experimental teaching is vivid, vivid, and infectious. Using it properly will help stimulate students’ interest in learning, fully mobilize their learning emotions, standardize students’ learning behavior, and effectively develop students’ “recent development zones.” Let’s talk about some of my practices and experiences in physics teaching in junior middle school. I will discuss with my colleagues in order to seek truth from it.