埋藏条件复杂的煤层开采时,岩层沿层理面和断层面的移动确定了开采有害影响区域的边界和移动盆地内移动和变形值的分布。在冲积层下煤层、构造断层和褶皱轴的露头处产生台阶状裂缝。为了保护建筑物,特别是竖井井筒免受岩层沿层理面移动的影响必须留设支撑煤柱。 During coal mining with complicated burial conditions, the movement along the bedding plane and fault plane of the rock formation determines the distribution of the movement and deformation values ​​in the boundaries of the mining-affected zone and in the moving basin. Stepped fractures occur at outcrops of coal seams, structural faults and fold axes beneath alluvial deposits. In order to protect the buildings, especially the shaft shaft from the movement of the strata along the bedding plane, there must be support pillar.