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1983年4月,美国VLI公司生产的名为“To-day”的阴道避孕海绵得到了食品药物管理局(FDA)的核准使用。它作为一种无须医生处方的产品投放于市场,到1984年底,在美国共售出2,500万只避孕海绵,估计约有125万人使用。本文对其避孕效果及副反应等进行了总结。“Today”是由一种含1g对壬苯醇醚(nonoxynol-9)杀精剂的软性聚氨基甲酸乙酯泡沫胶组成。它的外表扁圆形,一面呈凹陷,便于贴置在子宫颈上,另外附有一个便于取出的带环。性交前,加水于避孕海绵使其杀精剂激活,然后插入阴道深部。避孕海绵通过遮蔽宫颈口,吸附精子及释放杀精剂而达到避孕的目的。单只避孕海绵可持效
In April 1983, a vaginal contraceptive sponge manufactured by the VLI Company of the United States named “To-day” was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). It was introduced to the market as a product not requiring a doctor’s prescription and by the end of 1984 a total of 25 million contraceptive sponges were sold in the United States, an estimated 1.25 million people were using it. This article summarizes its contraceptive effects and side effects. “Today” consists of a soft polyurethane foam gel containing 1 g spermicide nonoxynol-9. Its appearance is oblate, with a depression on one side for easy placement on the cervix, along with a loop for ease of removal. Before sexual intercourse, add water to the contraceptive sponge to activate spermicide, and then insert the vagina deep. Contraceptive sponges achieve the goal of contraception by covering the cervix, adsorbing sperm and releasing spermicides. Single contraceptive sponge can be effective