进境粮谷中携带外来杂草种类繁多,在进境口岸卸运时容易发生洒漏。2011~2015年,每年在江苏进口粮食口岸开展杂草疫情监测调查,结果在进口粮食码头、加工厂、储备库、运输沿线等区域共发现各类杂草49科192属357种,其中外来杂草34科86属142种。菊科、苋科、豆科、茄科、禾本科和旋花科等6个科是外来杂草主要的种类,占全部外来杂草的56.3%。调查共发现中国新记录种21种和江苏新记录种7种。认为在进口粮食口岸加强杂草疫情监测工作很重要,从而提出了做好外来杂草疫情监测和防控的措施与建议。 There are many types of exotic weeds to carry in the grain and are prone to spill and leak when unloaded at the port of entry. From 2011 to 2015, annual monitoring of weed epidemics in Jiangsu ports was conducted. As a result, a total of 357 species of 192 genera and 49 families of weeds were found in the imported food wharfs, processing plants, reserves and transportation areas. Among them, Grass 34 families 86 genera and 142 species. Compositae, Amaranthus, Leguminosae, Solanaceae, Gramineae and Convolvulaceae and other six families are the main types of exotic weeds, accounting for 56.3% of all exotic weeds. The survey found a total of 21 newly recorded species in China and 7 newly recorded species in Jiangsu. It is considered that it is very important to strengthen the monitoring of weeds epidemics at the importation of grain ports so as to put forward measures and suggestions for the monitoring and prevention and control of external weeds epidemics.