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目的观察克山病病情及发病相关因素的动态变化,为防治科研提供科学依据。方法 2012年选择安丘市克山病病区吾山镇张家南庄村和官庄镇挑河村为调查点,对全村常住居民进行临床查体、描记心电图和X线胸部摄片,同时对病村经济情况、人均占有粮食量进行调查,并对受检人群头发以及小麦、玉米等食物和土壤硒水平进行采样检测。结果吾山镇张家南庄村常住居民836人,人均年收入约4 200元,粮食供应充足;调查430人,检出异常心电图150人,心电图异常率为34.88%,未检出克山病病例;对头发、小麦、玉米、土壤进行硒含量(mg/kg)检测,依次为(0.361±0.062)、(0.026±0.004)、(0.022±0.003)、(0.116±0.015)。官庄镇挑河村常住人口658人,人均年收入约7 400元,粮食供应充足;调查420人,检出异常心电图90人,心电图异常率为23.10%,未检出克山病病例;对头发、小麦、玉米、土壤进行硒含量(mg/kg)检测,依次为(0.359±0.057)、(0.023±0.013)、(0.018±0.011)、(0.136±0.022)。两监测点的头发、小麦、玉米、土壤硒含量差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论安丘市近20多年来克山病病情无明显变化,一直处于低发病水平,无新发克山病病例,本次监测也未检出新发病例。
Objective To observe the dynamic changes of Keshan disease and its related factors in order to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of scientific research. Methods In 2012, we selected Zhangjia Nanzhuang Village of Wu Shan Town and Qiaohe Village of Guanzhuang Town in Keshan Disease Districts of Anqiu City as the investigation points to carry out the clinical examination of the permanent residents in the village, and to record the electrocardiogram and X-ray chest radiography. Meanwhile, Economic conditions, the amount of food per capita to investigate, and the subjects of hair and wheat, corn and other food and soil selenium levels were sampled and tested. Results There were 836 permanent residents in Zhangjia Nanzhuang Village, Wu Shan Town, with average annual income of 4,200 Yuan per capita. The food supply was adequate. 430 people were investigated, of which there were 150 abnormal ECGs. The abnormal rate of ECG was 34.88%. Keshan disease was not detected. Selenium content (mg / kg) in hair, wheat, corn and soil was 0.361 ± 0.062, 0.026 ± 0.004, 0.022 ± 0.003 and 0.116 ± 0.015, respectively. There were 658 permanent residents in Quanhe Village of Guanzhuang Town with an average annual income of about 7,400 yuan per capita. The food supply was adequate. 420 people were investigated, 90 of which were abnormal, and the abnormal rate of electrocardiogram was 23.10%. Keshan cases were not detected. Selenium content (mg / kg) in wheat, corn and soils were measured, followed by (0.359 ± 0.057), (0.023 ± 0.013), (0.018 ± 0.011) and (0.136 ± 0.022), respectively. There were no significant differences in the selenium content of hair, wheat, corn and soil between the two monitoring sites (all P> 0.05). Conclusion There was no significant change in Keshan disease in Anqiu City in recent 20 years, and it has been at a low incidence level without any new cases of Keshan disease. No new cases were detected in this monitoring.