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用福尔马林固定粪便标本，从中抽提ＤＮＡ。采用两对可区别溶组织内阿米巴致病与非致病的引物进行ＰＣＲ扩增。３２例经镜检证实的溶组织内阿米巴带囊者均呈ＰＣＲ阳性反应，其中６例（１８．８％）仅对致病性引物、２５例（７８．１％）仅对非致病性引物显示阳性反应，１例（３．１％）则对致病及非致病引物均呈阳性反应。致病性ＰＣＲ阳性者与受试者的临床表现（腹泻或痢疾粪便）密切相关（ＯＲ＝３１．５）。所有对照者（粪便中无溶组织内阿米巴）均呈ＰＣＲ阴性反应。用ＰＣＲ，镜检及ＥＬＩＳＡ方法对一组人（４０例）进行阿米巴流行病学检测。粪检阳性率７．６％、ＰＣＲ阳性率２０％、ＥＬＩＳＡ阳性率２５％，由于ＥＬＩＳＡ阳性者尚包括既往感染，故在３种方法中ＰＣＲ是确定现症感染最敏感和特异的方法。ＰＣＲ技术也是鉴别溶组织内阿米巴致病性、诊断阿米巴病和进行流行病学研究的有效工具。
Stool specimens were fixed with formalin, from which DNA was extracted. Two pairs of virulent and non-pathogenic primers were used for PCR amplification of E. histolytica. Thirty-two patients with histologically confirmed histoplasmosis of enamel amoeba were positive for PCR, of which 6 (18.8%) were only pathogenic and 25 (78.1%) were only non-carcinogenic The pathogenic primers showed a positive reaction, and one case (3.1%) showed positive reaction to the pathogenic and non-pathogenic primers. Pathogenic PCR positive patients and the clinical manifestations (diarrhea or dysentery faeces) are closely related (OR = 31.5). All controls (amebiasis in faecal insoluble tissue) showed a PCR negative reaction. A group of people (40 cases) were tested for their epidemiology by using PCR, microscopy and ELISA. The positive rate of stool examination was 7.6%, the positive rate of PCR was 20%, and the positive rate of ELISA was 25%. PCR was the most sensitive and specific method to confirm the infection in the three methods because of the positive infection. PCR technology is also an effective tool to identify E. histolytica pathogenicity, diagnosing amebiasis and conducting epidemiological studies.