一、国际上关于养老保险制度改革的一般情况20世纪80年代以来,世界范围内掀起了一股养老保险制度改革的浪潮。70年代末至80年代初人口老龄化趋势,是这股改革浪潮的起因和背景。截至2004年底,世界上约有70个国家或地区实行了各种形式的养老保险制度改革,其中,将近20个国家或地区 I. The General Situation of the Reform of the Old-age Insurance System in the World Since the 1980s, there has been a wave of reforms in the pension insurance system throughout the world. The trend of population aging in the late 1970s and early 1980s is the cause and background of this wave of reforms. By the end of 2004, about 70 countries and regions in the world had implemented various forms of pension insurance reform, of which, nearly 20 countries or regions