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目的了解医院感染的实际情况,为改进医院感染监控措施提供依据。方法采取横断面调查的方法,调查该院2011年10月11日、2012年9月16日、2013年9月26日0:00-24:00所有住院患者医院感染情况,并对调查资料进行统计学分析。结果 2011、2012与2013年医院感染现患率分别为3.30%、3.03%、2.30%;3年数据比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.09,P>0.05);医院感染部位均以下呼吸道为主,占56.60%;3年抗菌药物使用率分别为40.08%、35.00%、29.20%;病原学送检率分别为35.25%、44.58%、60.16%,明显增加,3年数据比较差异有统计学的意义(χ2=16.04,P<0.05);共检出病原体66株,其中检出革兰阴性(G-)菌41株(62.12%),以大肠埃希菌为主(41.46%)。结论医院感染现患率调查有助于了解医院感染发病情况及流行特点,制定切实有效的防控措施,降低医院感染发病率,提高病原微生物送检率,合理使用抗菌药物。
Objective To understand the actual situation of nosocomial infection and provide the basis for improving the monitoring measures of nosocomial infection. Methods The method of cross-sectional survey was used to investigate the hospital infection of all hospitalized patients from October 11, 2011, September 16, 2012 and September 26, 2013 from 0: 00-24: 00. The survey data Statistical analysis. Results The prevalence rates of nosocomial infections in 2011, 2012 and 2013 were respectively 3.30%, 3.03% and 2.30%. There was no significant difference in 3-year data between the two groups (χ2 = 1.09, P> 0.05) Accounting for 56.60%; 3 years of antibacterial drug use rates were 40.08%, 35.00%, 29.20%; etiological examination rates were 35.25%, 44.58%, 60.16%, significantly increased, 3-year data were statistically significant differences (χ2 = 16.04, P <0.05). Of the total 66 pathogenic bacteria, 41 (62.12%) were gram-negative bacteria and 41.46% were Escherichia coli. Conclusion The prevalence of nosocomial infection survey helps to understand the incidence of nosocomial infections and epidemiological characteristics, to develop effective prevention and control measures to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections, improve the rate of pathogenic microorganisms, the rational use of antimicrobial agents.