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影响地电阻率观测值最主要的干扰因素,例如气象因素,对各个方向测道的影响,时间上同步,量值接近,即具有“各向同性”的特点。而应力场作用引起的地电阻率在震前的变化显示出明显的各向异性。引起地电阻率各向异性变化主要有以下三种因素:(1)介质的压密过程;(2)震源的扩容过程;(3)岩层宏观结构面附近电阻率的变化。根据干扰和异常的上述基本特点,数据处理上采用相关系数法,即计算同一台站不同测道数据之间的相关系数。从海城、唐山地震期间北方几个地电台的相关系数计算结果来看,这种方法对避开同步性干扰和突出异常有一定效果。
The main interference factors that affect the observation of earth resistivity, such as meteorological factors, the impact on all directions of the pipeline, the time synchronization, the magnitude close, that is, with “isotropic” features. The change of geo-resistivity caused by stress field shows obvious anisotropy before earthquake. There are three main factors that cause the anisotropic change of resistivity: (1) the compaction process of the medium; (2) the expansion process of the source; and (3) the change of the resistivity near the macrostructure surface of the rock formation. According to the above basic characteristics of interference and anomalies, the correlation coefficient method is adopted for data processing, that is, the correlation coefficient between different channel data of the same station is calculated. From the calculation results of the correlation coefficients of several terrestrial stations in northern China during the Haicheng and Tangshan earthquakes, this method has a certain effect on avoiding synchronous interference and highlighting abnormalities.