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一、概述单斗挖掘机的液压系统是一种多路复合系统。它的执行元件较多,要求频繁地进行复合动作,来缩短每一个工作循环的作业时间,以提高生产率和充分利用发动机的功率。单斗挖掘机由工作装置、回转平台和行走装置三大部分组成(图1)。工作装置包括正铲、反铲、装载、抓斗等,可根据施工需要更换。单斗液压挖掘机每一工作循环的主要动作、以反铲为例,包括:挖掘、满斗提升及回转、卸载和返回。有时为了调整或转移挖掘地点,还要作整机行走。见图2。
I. Overview The hydraulic system of a single-bucket excavator is a multiplex system. It has many actuators and requires frequent compound actions to shorten the working time for each working cycle to increase productivity and make full use of the engine’s power. The single-bucket excavator is composed of three parts: working device, rotary platform and walking device (Figure 1). Work equipment includes shovel, backhoe, loading, grab, etc., which can be replaced according to construction needs. The main actions of each single-bucket hydraulic excavator for each working cycle are backhoes, including excavation, full bucket lifting and swinging, unloading, and return. Sometimes, in order to adjust or shift the excavation site, it is necessary to walk the whole machine. See Figure 2.