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病毒性肝炎是世界各地一个主要的公共卫生问题,而乙型肝炎又是所有病毒性肝炎中最重要的一种。据估计,全世界主动感染的乙型肝炎血清学标志携带者约有3亿。40％以上的持续感染者成年后因乙型肝炎的后果(诸如肝硬变和肝细胞性肝癌)而死亡。预防乙型肝炎的疫苗是非常安全和有效的。在全球范围内控制乙型肝炎最好的方式是对婴儿进行集体免疫,包括减少由于乙型肝炎后遗症引起的死亡。在那些大部分感染获自幼年的地区,应该在婴儿出生后不久注射疫苗,并将乙型肝炎免疫结合到扩大免疫计划中去。甲型肝炎疫苗的发展及分离非甲非乙型肝炎因子方面也已取得很大进展。
Viral hepatitis is one of the major public health problems in the world, and hepatitis B is the most important of all viral hepatitis. It is estimated that there are about 300 million hepatitis B seropositive carriers active in the world. More than 40% of those who are persistent die from adulthood due to the consequences of hepatitis B, such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Vaccination against hepatitis B is very safe and effective. The best way to control hepatitis B globally is to immunize infants collectively, including reducing deaths due to hepatitis B sequelae. In areas where most of the infections are obtained from infancy, the vaccine should be given shortly after the baby is born and the hepatitis B immunization should be integrated into the expanded immunization program. Great progress has also been made in the development of hepatitis A vaccines and in the isolation of non-A, non-B hepatitis agents.