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目的:探讨长病程糖尿病肾病患者心理状态,分析心理护理必要性、有效性。方法:选择2014年1月—2014年12月,我院门诊或住院部收治的糖尿病肾病患者124例,常规组、干预组各纳入患者62例,均给予基础治疗,干预组给予针对性心理护理干预,对比精神症状改善情况、不良事件发生情况。结果:常规组2周后躯体化、精神病性、睡眠等因子评分低于入院时,强迫症状、人际关系敏感性、焦虑因子评分高于入院时,干预组2周后总均分、躯体化、抑郁、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性、睡眠等因子评分低于入院时,所有因子与总均分均低于常规组2周后,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);常规组延期出院率22.58%、患者不依从或暴力行为发生率48.39%、不良事件合计例次率1.21%高于干预组3.23%、9.68%、37.10%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:长病程糖尿病肾病患者心理状况欠佳,表现为不同程度躯体症状、抑郁、敌对等表现,入院后常规诊疗与护理可给不同精神因子带来正性或负性影响,强化心理护理非常必要;心理干预有助于全面改善患者心理状态,有助于降低不良事件发生风险,促患者早期康复。
Objective: To investigate the psychological status of patients with long-term diabetic nephropathy and to analyze the necessity and effectiveness of psychological nursing. Methods: From January 2014 to December 2014, 124 patients with diabetic nephropathy admitted to our outpatient department or inpatient department of our hospital were enrolled. All patients in routine group and intervention group were enrolled in this study. All patients were given basic treatment, and the intervention group was given psychological care Intervention, to compare the improvement of mental symptoms, adverse events. Results: The scores of somatization, psychosis, sleep and other factors in the routine group were lower than those at admission. The scores of obsessive-compulsive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity and anxiety were significantly higher than those of the intervention group at 2 weeks after admission. The scores of somatization, The scores of depression, hostility, horror, paranoid, psychosis, sleep and other factors were lower than those of admission, all the factors and total mean were lower than those of the conventional group after 2 weeks, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05) The rate of non-compliance or violence among patients was 48.39%. The total number of adverse events was 1.21%, which was higher than that of intervention group (3.23%, 9.68%, 37.10%). The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with long-term diabetic nephropathy have poor psychology and manifestations of somatic symptoms, depression and hostility. The routine diagnosis and treatment after admission may have positive or negative effects on different mental factors, and it is necessary to strengthen psychological care ; Psychological intervention can help to improve the overall psychological status of patients and help to reduce the risk of adverse events and promote the early recovery of patients.