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黄花倒水莲系华南民间常用且珍贵中药材。采用样方调查法对福建省三明地区黄花倒水莲群落的植物组成、群落结构和物种多样性进行了分析。结果表明,在26个样方、共计2600m2的样地内,群落有维管植物89科167属205种。种子植物属的区系成分划分为12个分布型和8个变型,热带性分布属稍占优势,占总属数的57.85%;温带性成分占总属数的40.7%。生活型谱分析显示群落包括藤本在内的高位芽植物占总种数的58.53%,其中以小高位芽和矮高位芽植物占优势;地面芽和地上芽占较大比例,以蕨类植物和多年生草本植物为主,地下芽和1年生植物很少。群落垂直结构分为乔木层、灌木层和草本层。物种丰富度指数、Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener指数和Pielou均匀度指数分析表明:群落垂直结构多样性特点为草本层>灌木层>乔木层>层外层,草本层的各项多样性指数均显著大于其他层次。为黄花倒水莲人工栽培选择适生环境提供参考,提出了开发利用和资源保护的建议。
Yellow lotus water lotus commonly used in South China and precious Chinese herbal medicines. The plant composition, community structure and species diversity of Pseudostellaria heterophylla community in Sanming, Fujian Province were analyzed by quadrat investigation method. The results showed that there were 205 species belonging to 167 genera and 89 families of vascular plants in 26 sample plots with a total area of 2600 m2. The flora of genera of seed plants is divided into 12 distributions and 8 variations. The tropic distribution is slightly dominant, accounting for 57.85% of the total genera; the temperate component accounts for 40.7% of the total genera. Life-form spectrum analysis showed that the high-level bud plants, including vines, accounted for 58.53% of the total number of species, of which the high-level buds and low-height bud-shaped plants predominated; the ground buds and shoots accounted for a large proportion, Perennial herb-based, underground buds and few annuals. The vertical structure of the community is divided into arbors, shrubs and herbs. Species richness index, Simpson index, Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou evenness index showed that the diversity of vertical structure of community was herbaceous layer> shrub layer> arbor layer> outer layer. The diversity index of herb layer was significant More than other levels. In order to provide a reference for selection of suitable habitats for Artificial cultivation of Polygonatum, the suggestions for exploitation and utilization and resource conservation were put forward.