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本文综述了近十年来抗疟药物研究的某些新进展。 1.氯喹的抗性 1·1抗性分布五十年代末期,由于按蚊对灭蚊剂以及恶性疟原虫对氯喹产生抗性而使根治疟疾的希望完全破灭。1986年,氯喹抗性的分布已从原先的东南亚和南美洲扩展到全世界有恶性疟原虫存在的地方。 1·2.感染抗氯喹恶性疟原虫的治疗由于R1和R2抗性的疟原虫对奎宁仍很敏感,故奎宁广泛用于治疗抗氯喹的感染。一般治疗方案是:每天服3次,每次600mg,连服7天(总剂量12.6 g)。在对奎宁出现抗性的地方,加服四环素类药物,如强力霉素每天1～2 g,可消除原虫和病症。氯林可霉素也可用以代替四环素类药物,但它可引起假膜
This review summarizes some recent advances in antimalarial drug research. 1. Chloroquine resistance 1.1 Distribution of resistance In the late 1950s, the hope of eradicating malaria was completely shattered by the resistance of Anopheles mosquitoes to chloroquine against mosquito-killing agents and Plasmodium falciparum. In 1986, the distribution of chloroquine resistance expanded from the original South-East Asia and South America to the presence of Plasmodium falciparum in the world. 1.2. Treatment of Plasmodium falciparum-resistant chloramphenicol Quinine is widely used to treat chloroquine-resistant infections because of its sensitivity to quinine in the R1 and R2 resistant malaria parasites. The general treatment is: 3 times a day, each 600mg, and even served 7 days (total dose of 12.6 g). In the presence of resistance to quinine, add tetracycline drugs, such as doxycycline 1 ~ 2 g per day, to eliminate protozoa and illness. Clindamycin is also used as a replacement for tetracyclines, but it can cause pseudomembranes