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利用主成分分析法研究车辆噪声的双耳自相关函数(ACF)因子,确定了车辆噪声的原始听感与决定其代表性听觉感知属性的主导听感,并从各类听感描述因子与基本因子的变化规律角度,分析了车辆噪声主观烦恼度的形成机制。首先,依据车辆噪声的ACF特性,对既有ACF因子理论进行了补充和完善;提出平均起伏度(EMD)与包络衰减率(ESM)作为描述ACF包络形状的因子。通过对232个车辆噪声样本的ACF因子进行主成分分析发现:车辆噪声可引发响度、音调及音色三种不同的原始听感;ACF特性不同的车辆噪声具有不同的主导听感。原始听感描述因子随主观烦恼度的变化规律表明:主导听感的变化与原始听感的主次差异,均可影响主观烦恼度;原始听感描述因子的变化会引发主观烦恼度;当各类原始听感的基本因子彼此交叠时,主观烦恼等级明显偏高。
Principal component analysis is used to study the binaural autocorrelation function (ACF) factor of vehicle noise to determine the original hearing sense of vehicle noise and the dominant sense of hearing which determines its representative auditory perception. Based on the description of factors and basic factors Factor of change law point of view, analyzed the formation mechanism of subjective annoyance degree of vehicle noise. Firstly, based on the ACF characteristics of vehicle noise, the existing ACF factor theory was supplemented and improved. The average undulation (EMD) and envelope attenuation rate (ESM) were proposed as the factors to describe the envelope shape of ACF. Through the principal component analysis of the ACF factors of 232 vehicle noise samples, it is found that vehicle noise can lead to three different original sense of loudness, pitch and timbre. Vehicle noise with different ACF characteristics has different dominant sense of hearing. The variation rules of the original auditory sense factors with the subjective annoyance show that the changes of the dominant auditory sense and the primary and secondary differences of the original auditory sense can all affect the subjective annoyance degree. The change of the original auditory sense factor can cause subjective annoyance. When the primitive factors of the original sense of hearing overlap with each other, the level of subjective annoyance is obviously higher.