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直流机换向是相当复杂的问题,产生火花的原因是多方面的。但是无论什么原因产生的火花集中表现在:①在刷子与整流子之间通过的电流超过允许值;②刷子与整流子之间的接触不良。不少人从电流方面来研究换向问题,这是研究换向问题的理论基础。本文则从刷子与整流子之间的接触状态来讨论换向问题,着重阐述刷子与整流子表面之间的接触电阻、氧化膜形成、摩擦、湿度、刷子压力等对换向的影响。
DC machine commutation is a very complex issue, sparks are many reasons. However, no matter what the cause of the spark focus on the performance: ① between the brush and the commutator through the current exceeds the allowable value; ② brushes and commutators poor contact. Many people study the commutation problem from the current aspect, which is the theoretical basis for studying the commutation problem. This article discusses the commutation problem from the contact state between the brush and the commutator, and focuses on the influence of the contact resistance between brush and commutator surface, the formation of oxide film, friction, humidity, brush pressure and so on.