目的:评价3%高渗盐水(HS)治疗重型颅脑损伤患者颅内高压的有效性和安全性。方法:回顾性分析了37例重型颅脑损伤患者的临床资料。结果:3%HS治疗组患者ICP降低更为显著,起效时间更快,持续时间更长。HS组患者MAP和CPP升高多于甘露醇组。治疗后,HS患者低钠血症发生率明显低于对照组。结论:3%HS可以考虑作为治疗重型颅脑损伤患者颅内高压的一线药物。 PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 3% hypertonic saline (HS) for treatment of intracranial hypertension in patients with severe craniocerebral injury. Methods: The clinical data of 37 patients with severe craniocerebral injury were retrospectively analyzed. Results: In the 3% HS treatment group, the ICP decreased more significantly, the onset time was faster and the duration was longer. In HS group, MAP and CPP increased more than those in mannitol group. After treatment, HS patients hyponatremia incidence was significantly lower than the control group. Conclusions: 3% HS can be considered as a first-line agent for the treatment of intracranial hypertension in patients with severe craniocerebral injury.