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本研究以自编的两个测验故事为测量工具,考察了同是9岁的3名不同类型儿童(高功能孤独症儿童、轻度智力障碍儿童和正常儿童)心理推测能力的水平及异同。结果表明:这三名儿童都能对自我和他人行为进行预期,但他们都没能通过错误信念测试。其中,轻度智力障碍儿童朱某很难理解自我和他人愿望,他和高功能孤独症儿童王某又在理解他人消极性情绪上存在缺陷。相比较而言,正常儿童的心理推测能力最好,其次是高功能孤独症儿童,再次是轻度智力障碍儿童。
In this study, two self-made test stories were used as measurement tools to examine the similarities and differences of mental abilities of 3 different types of children (high-performance autistic children, mild-mental retardation children and normal children) who are 9 years old. The results showed that all three children were able to anticipate the behavior of self and others, but none of them passed the false belief test. Among them, children with mild mental retardation Zhu is difficult to understand the wishes of others and others, he and children with high-functioning autism Wang and understanding of others negative emotions flawed. In comparison, normal children have the best mental ability to speculate, followed by children with high-functioning autism and again those with mild mental retardation.