旧石器时代如何向新石器时代转化的问题,换言之即所谓中石器时代的问题,是当代欧洲考古学的一个热点。因为这个阶段是农业产生,人类由食物采集转向食物生产的关键,因而也是整个世界考古学界密切关注的问题。近年来,由于磁山文化、裴李岗文化等早于仰韶文化的新石器时代文化的不断发现,中国是否存在“中石器时代”的问题自然而然地被提到了议事日程上来。有的学者坚持使用中石器时代的概念,另外一些学者 How the Paleolithic transformed into the Neolithic, in other words, the so-called Mesolithic, is a hot spot in contemporary European archeology. Because this stage is the key to agricultural production and mankind’s shift from food collection to food production, it is also a matter of close concern to the entire archaeological community in the world. In recent years, due to the continuous discovery of Neolithic cultures such as magnetic culture, Peiligang culture and Yangshao culture, the question of whether or not there exists a “Mesolithic age” in China is naturally mentioned in the agenda. Some scholars insist on using the concept of the Middle Stone Age, and some other scholars