一、前言活塞头部和裙部的形状与发动机的基本性能——功率、燃料消耗、排放和噪声有着密切的关系,而且对发动机的可靠性——润滑油消耗、活塞环窜气、粘着等有很大影响。因此,在研制新发动机时,活塞形状是重要的研究项目之一。然而,由于活塞形状受活塞运动、活塞温度分布及气缸套变形的 First, the foreword piston head and skirt shape and the basic performance of the engine - power, fuel consumption, emissions and noise are closely related, but also on the reliability of the engine - lubricating oil consumption, piston ring blow-by gas, adhesion, etc. have a great impact. Therefore, piston shape is one of the important research projects when developing a new engine. However, due to the piston shape affected by piston movement, piston temperature distribution and cylinder liner deformation