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对南宁市居民家庭调查蚊虫季节消长,蚊虫密度高峰为2～3月和10～11月。蚊虫种属以致乏库蚊为主。自然采集蚊虫394批。用RPHA、ELISA 和 SPRIA 检测,HBsAg 阳性率为14.5%,其中以 SPRIA 敏感度最高,发现 HBsAg 阳性与蚊虫的吸血有关。未吸血蚊虫和怀孕蚊虫均未发现 HBsAg 阳性。在不同的种属中,以三带喙库蚊、搔扰阿蚊和致乏库蚊的 HBsAg 阳性率较高。采集点中,以采自肝炎病房的蚊虫 HBsAg 阳性率较高。由实验室饲养致乏库蚊喂以 HBsAg 阳性血。发现蚊虫携带 HBsAg 时间为1～4天,血液消化以后,HBsAg 也消失,HBsAg 阳性蚊的排泄物、卵、幼虫、蛹、第一代成蚊均未检出 HBsAg。自然采集的 HBsAg 阳性蚊虫10组中用免疫电镜法查出7组 HBsAg 阳性,由人工喂养阳性血液的蚊虫10组,用免疫电镜法查出5组阳性。HBsAg 颗粒均可被其特异血清凝集,对照组均未发现 HBsAg 样颗粒。本文结果支持蚊虫可通过机械性传播乙型肝炎,而不作为生物学媒介。
The survey of residents of Nanning mosquito season growth and decline, mosquito density peak for the February to March and 10 to November. Culex pipiens mosquito species caused by the main. Natural collection of mosquitoes 394 batches. With RPHA, ELISA and SPRIA detection, the positive rate of HBsAg was 14.5%, among which the sensitivity to SPRIA was the highest, and HBsAg positive was found to be related to the blood-sucking of mosquitoes. No non-blood-sucking mosquitoes and pregnant mosquitoes were found HBsAg-positive. Among different species, the positive rate of HBsAg in Culex tritaeniorhynchus, A. haematopus and Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus was high. Collection point, collected from hepatitis ward mosquitoes HBsAg positive rate. Culex pipiens pallens fed by labs were fed HBsAg-positive blood. It was found that mosquitoes carried HBsAg for 1 to 4 days. HBsAg also disappeared after digestion of blood. HBsAg was not detected in feces, eggs, larvae, pupae and adult mosquitoes of the first generation. In the 10 groups of HBsAg positive mosquitoes collected from the nature, 7 groups of HBsAg positive were detected by immunoelectron microscopy. 10 groups of mosquitoes were fed by artificial blood, and 5 groups were detected by immunoelectron microscopy. HBsAg particles can be its specific serum agglutination, no HBsAg-like particles in the control group. The results in this paper support that mosquitoes can transmit hepatitis B mechanically rather than as a biological vector.