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目的分析足月小样儿发生颅内出血的危险因素,为预防足月小样儿颅内出血提供参考。方法收集2012年2月—2016年1月本院儿科收治的的足月小样儿492例的临床资料。根据是否出现颅内出血分为颅内出血组84例和无颅内出血组408例。对两组的临床资料进行χ~2检验和Logistic多因素回归进行分析,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 492例足月小样儿中,共有84例发生颅内出血,发生率为17.1%。颅内出血组顺产比例、住院时间≤10 d的比例明显低于无颅内出血组,对比差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),入院日龄≤1.5 d、羊水污染、动脉导管未闭、新生儿硬肿症比例明显高于无颅内出血组,对比差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。羊水污染、动脉导管未闭、新生儿硬肿症为足月小样儿发生颅内出血的独立危险因素。结论足月小样儿颅内出血主要发生在脑室内和脑室周围,产前羊水污染、新生儿硬肿症及动脉导管未闭是其发生的独立危险因素。
Objective To analyze the risk factors of intracranial hemorrhage in full-term small sample to provide reference for preventing intracranial hemorrhage in full-term small sample. Methods Clinical data of 492 full-term infants who were admitted to our hospital from February 2012 to January 2016 were collected. According to whether intracranial hemorrhage is divided into intracranial hemorrhage group of 84 cases and no intracranial hemorrhage group of 408 cases. The clinical data of two groups were analyzed by χ ~ 2 test and Logistic regression analysis. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results 492 cases of full-term baby samples, a total of 84 cases of intracranial hemorrhage, the incidence was 17.1%. The proportion of patients with intracranial hemorrhage was significantly lower than that of patients without intracranial hemorrhage (P0.05). The hospitalization days ≤1.5 days, amniotic fluid contamination, patent ductus arteriosus, Neonatal scleredema was significantly higher than the proportion of patients without intracranial hemorrhage, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Amniotic fluid contamination, patent ductus arteriosus, neonatal edema syndrome is an independent risk factor for intracranial hemorrhage in term infants. Conclusion The intracranial hemorrhage in full-term small samples mainly occurs in the ventricles and periventricular spaces. Prenatal amniotic fluid contamination, neonatal scleredema and patent ductus arteriosus are independent risk factors.