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中美两国在死刑的程序控制方面选择了两条截然不同的路径。美国的“权利导向型”控制模式以被告人权利为核心,并以被告人行使诉讼权利的行为为驱动力构建复杂的程序救济体系。中国的“审查导向型”控制模式以高级别法院对死刑案件自上而下的审查为核心构建死刑程序控制体系。死刑程序归根结底是为死刑案件被告人而设置,因此,针对我国在死刑程序控制方面出现的问题,应当借鉴“权利导向型”控制模式的优点,强化被告人权利的保障,对一审、二审程序和死刑复核程序的功能进行合理调整。
China and the United States have opted for two very different paths in the control of the death penalty. The “rights-oriented” control model in the United States centers on the defendant’s rights and constructs a complicated procedural relief system driven by the defendant’s exercise of litigation rights. The “censorship-oriented” control model in China focuses on the control system of death penalty procedures centering around the top-down review of death penalty cases by high-level courts. In the final analysis, the death penalty procedure is set up for the death penalty case defendants. Therefore, in light of the problems that our country has in the control of the death penalty procedure, we should draw on the advantages of the “rights-oriented” control mode and strengthen the protection of the defendant’s rights. Procedures and the function of the death penalty review process to make reasonable adjustments.