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继史诗时代之后,印度文学进入古典文学时期,大约从公元1世纪到12世纪。这一时期成就最大、最有代表性的诗人无疑首推迦梨陀娑,他在世界文坛享有“天竺的莎士比亚”之称。印度的抒情诗到他这里达到了真正的成熟与鼎盛。他的诗最突出的特点就是肯定现实人生,一反历时千年的“诗以言教”的文学传统,在诗中渲染人类的理想境界,把尘世与天堂连接起来,把表达人类情感当成文学的主要目的,极力展示人类的爱情渴望而不是神的训诫说教,通过讴歌大自然唤醒人类灵性的复苏。他成为肯定现实人生的突出榜样。迦梨陀娑的诗,无论是思想内容还是艺术表现手法,都达到了印度文学发展的崭新阶段。
Following the epic era, Indian literature entered the classical literature period, about from the first century to the 12th century AD. The most accomplished and representative poet of this period undoubtedly depended on Gajarat, and he enjoyed the title of “Shakespeare of Tianzhu” in the world literary world. India’s lyrics to him reached a real maturity and heyday. The most prominent feature of his poems is to affirm the real life, reverse the millennium “literary and poetic” literary tradition, exaggerate the ideal state of mankind in the poem, connect the earth with heaven, and express the human emotion as the main part of literature The purpose of trying to show the human desire for love rather than god preaching preaching, by praising nature to awaken the recovery of human spirituality. He has become a prominent role model for affirming real life. The poems of Tartarus, both ideological content and artistic expression, have reached a completely new stage in the development of Indian literature.