现代产科和新生儿技术的发展大大降低了极低体重儿的死亡率，尤其是一些容易继发中枢神经系统缺陷的婴儿。多种产前产后因素可造成中枢神经系统的发育异常。临床医生在治疗某一器官疾病的同时也可危害中枢神经系统的发育。调查表明地塞米松治疗新生儿慢性肺炎的有效率逐年升高 The development of modern obstetric and neonatal technologies has greatly reduced the mortality of very low birth weight children, especially those infants prone to secondary CNS deficits. A variety of prenatal and postnatal factors can cause central nervous system dysplasia. Clinicians can also damage the development of the central nervous system while treating certain organ diseases. Investigation shows that dexamethasone treatment of neonatal chronic pneumonia efficiency increased year by year