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为了有效地控制汽车的加油排放,分析了加油时裹入的空气对加油排放的影响。对加油过程进行简化研究,利用传质原理、阶跃输入法建立了汽车瞬态加油蒸发排放的数学模型。通过分析可知,加油时裹入的空气量改变了油箱内气体组分的浓度,促使汽油的蒸发扩散向着汽液相平衡的方向发展,影响了汽车的加油排放。通常,增加裹入的空气量,汽油的蒸发量增大,汽车加油排放量也大,模型预测和实验结果是基本一致的。要降低汽车的加油排放,减少环境污染,应该密闭油箱,使用ORVR装置,减少空气的裹入。
In order to effectively control the car’s fueling emissions, the effect of air entrapped on fueling on fueling is analyzed. The fueling process is simplified, and the mathematical model of transient evaporative emission of vehicle is established by mass transfer principle and step input method. The analysis shows that the amount of air entrapped during fueling changes the concentration of gas components in the fuel tank, which promotes the vaporization and diffusion of gasoline toward the equilibrium of vapor-liquid phase and affects the fueling and emission of vehicles. In general, increasing the amount of air entrapped, the evaporation of gasoline increases, the amount of vehicle fueling is also large, and the model prediction and experimental results are basically the same. To reduce the vehicle’s fuel emissions, reduce environmental pollution, the tank should be closed, the use of ORVR device to reduce the air entrapment.