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目的了解安徽省血吸虫病疫情状况,分析血吸虫病传播控制达标风险。方法选择12个疫情控制县,每个县选择2个疫情较重流行村,每村选择4个易感环境开展钉螺和野粪污染情况调查:收集2011~2012年安徽省疫情控制县阳性螺分布情况及急感疫情资料。结果在12个县24个村58个环境中,查出阳性螺村占16.7%,查出阳性螺环境占9.2%,钉螺阳性率平均为0.3%,发现野粪村占66.7%,发现阳性野粪村占8.3%,发现野粪环境占51.7%,发现阳性野粪环境占3.5%。共检获野粪2 811份,其中牛粪占43.8%,牛粪阳性率0.8%;羊粪占29.2%,羊粪阳性率1.2%,其它野粪占27.0%,无阳性。2011年全省23个疫情控制县查出感染性钉螺村122个,占疫情控制村总数的26.6%,2012年查出感染性钉螺村16个,占疫情控制村总数的6.1%。2012年感染性钉螺村较2011年下降了86.9%。2011和2012年全省各发生2例当地感染急感病例。结论安徽省部分县存在着影响血吸虫病传播和传播控制达标的风险因素,建议进一步加大以传染源控制和钉螺控制为主的综合防治措施。
Objective To understand the epidemic situation of schistosomiasis in Anhui Province and analyze the risk of reaching the target of transmission control of schistosomiasis. Methods Twelve outbreak-controlling counties were selected in this study. Two outbreak-prevailing villages were selected in each county, and four susceptible environments were selected in each village to carry out investigations on the infection of snail and wild manure. The positive spiral distributions of control counties in Anhui Province from 2011 to 2012 Situation and information of epidemic situation. Results In the environment of 58 villages and 24 villages in 12 counties, 16.7% of the positive snails were found, positive snails were found in 9.2%, the positive rate of snails was 0.3%, and that of the wild feces was 66.7% 8.3% were found in dung, 51.7% were found in wild dung, and 3.5% were found in positive dung. A total of 2 811 wild stools were seized, of which cow dung accounted for 43.8% and cow dung positive rate 0.8%; sheep dung accounted for 29.2%, sheep stool positive rate 1.2% and other wild stool accounted for 27.0%, no positive. In 2011, 122 infectious snail villages were found in 23 outbreak control counties in the province, accounting for 26.6% of the total number of outbreak control villages. In 2012, 16 infected snail villages were found, accounting for 6.1% of the total number of outbreak control villages. Infectious snail village in 2012 down 86.9% over 2011. In 2011 and 2012, two cases of acute local infection occurred in the province. Conclusion There are risk factors affecting the transmission and transmission control of schistosomiasis in some counties of Anhui Province. It is suggested to further increase the comprehensive prevention and control measures based on infection source control and snail control.