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本文选用3个抗病自交系(齐319、X178、沈137)和3个感病自交系(掖107、掖478、沈5003)按照NCII交配设计配制9套杂交组合研究了玉米抗粗缩病遗传规律。2009-2010年在曲阳、保定采用田间自然发病方法鉴定亲本、F1、F2群体的玉米粗缩病抗性,并采用灰飞虱人工接种方法鉴定亲本材料的抗病性。运用QGA station软件的加性-显性-上位性(ADAA)遗传模型进行数据分析,结果表明,显性效应和加性效应是控制玉米粗缩病抗性的主要遗传组分,分别占表型变异的44.8%和13.1%,杂合显性效应表现负向杂种优势,抗病育种可加以利用。加性×加性上位性效应在玉米自交系和杂交组合抗粗缩病遗传中普遍存在,但因材料不同而表现负向或正向效应。玉米粗缩病抗性易受环境影响,显性与环境互作效应方差占表型方差的比率为39.8%,达到极显著水平。因此,培育抗粗缩病玉米品种应依据基因型选配适当的亲本材料,抗病品种宜进行多年多点鉴定筛选。
In this paper, three resistant inbred lines (Qi 319, X178, Shen 137) and three susceptible inbred lines (Ye 107, Ye 478, Shen 5003) Contraction of the genetic law. 2009-2010 In Quyang and Baoding, the disease resistance of maize in F1, F2 population was identified by field natural disease identification method, and the disease resistance of the parent material was identified by artificial inoculation of Laodelphax striatellus. The data analysis using additive-dominance-epistasis (ADAA) genetic model of QGA station software showed that the dominant and additive effects were the major genetic components controlling the resistance of maize to rough-set disease, accounting for the phenotype 44.8% and 13.1% of the variation respectively. The heterozygous dominant effect showed the negative heterosis, and the disease-resistant breeding could be utilized. Additive × Additive Epistasis effect in maize inbred lines and hybrid combinations of anti-cholera genetic prevalence, but due to the different materials and negative or positive effect. The resistance to maize disease was easily affected by the environment, and the ratio of the dominant effect to the environmental interaction variance was 39.8%, reaching a significant level. Therefore, the cultivation of anti-maize varieties of maize should be based on genotype matching the appropriate parent material, resistant varieties should be multi-year multi-point identification screening.