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目的:改良传统的开颅造模法,建立一种稳定、可靠的大鼠脑缺血再灌注模型。方法:20只SD大鼠随机分为假手术与缺血再灌注组,每组10只,分别行假手术操作及改良模型制作。改良模型为,大鼠开颅后暴露左侧大脑中动脉(middle cerebral artery,MCA),将直径0.12 mm的不锈钢丝放置于MCA下,近其主干,钢丝两端架于颞骨表面120 min,撤去钢丝即再灌注。假手术仅暴露MCA,不进行缺血及再灌注。大鼠再灌注24 h,通过神经功能缺失评分,TTC染色,神经元计数及病理形态学的方法对模型进行评价。结果:改良后的造模成功率为100%,梗死灶位于额、顶叶皮层,病理形态学表现为典型的缺血性改变,正常神经元数减少(P<0.01)。神经功能缺失评分1.3±0.5,脑梗死体积比率为5.32%±1.28%,与假手术组相比均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:这一改良模型阻断及恢复MCA血流明确,梗死灶的大小、位置稳定,死亡率低,为脑缺血再灌注机制的研究及治疗方法的探讨提供了有益帮助。
Objective: To improve the traditional craniotomy modeling and establish a stable and reliable model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Methods: Twenty SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group and ischemia reperfusion group, with 10 rats in each group. They were sham operated and modified model respectively. In the improved model, the left middle cerebral artery (MCA) was exposed after craniotomy in rats. The stainless steel wire with a diameter of 0.12 mm was placed under the MCA near the trunk. The ends of the wire were placed on the surface of the temporal bone for 120 min. Wire is reperfusion. Sham surgery exposed only MCA without ischemia and reperfusion. The rats were reperfused for 24 h, and the model was evaluated by neurological deficit score, TTC staining, neuron count and pathomorphology. Results: The success rate of modified model was 100%. The infarct size was located in the frontal and parietal cortex. The pathological changes of the infarct were typical ischemic changes. The number of normal neurons decreased (P <0.01). The score of neurological deficit was 1.3 ± 0.5, and the volume ratio of cerebral infarction was 5.32% ± 1.28%, which was significantly higher than that of sham operation group (P <0.01). Conclusion: This modified model can block and recover the definite blood flow of MCA, the size of infarction, the stable position and the low mortality rate. It provides useful help for the research on the mechanism of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion and the treatment of MCA.