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[目的]探讨江苏省南通市食管癌发病的危险因素,为制定预防和控制食管癌的对策和措施提供信息和依据。[方法]采用以医院为基础的频数匹配病例对照研究方法,对南通市185例食管癌病人及185例对照进行多变量测量。运用非条件Logistic回归对可疑因素进行单因素和多因素分析。[结果]单因素Logistic回归分析显示与食管癌有关联的因素有:喜食咸食、进食快、喜食硬食、喜食烫食、三餐定时、经常使用农药、常食圆子年糕、重大应激事件、脾气性格暴躁、家族史、工作类型、常食水果;多因素Logistic回归分析发现喜食咸食(OR=3.122,95%CI:1.778～5.482)、进食快(OR=2.753,95%CI:1.553～4.880)、喜食硬食(OR=2.534,95%CI:1.169～5.496)、喜食烫食(OR=2.581,95%CI:1.059～4.030)、重大应激事件(OR=4.611,95%CI:2.569～8.278)、家族史(OR=2.011,95%CI:1.143～3.537)是南通市食管癌发生的危险因素。[结论]南通市食管癌是一种由多种致癌因素引起疾病,即在环境危险因素和遗传因素的作用下发生,因此,对其应采取综合性的预防措施。
[Objective] To explore the risk factors of esophageal cancer in Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, and provide information and basis for the development of countermeasures and measures to prevent and control esophageal cancer. [Methods] A hospital-based frequency matched case-control study was used to multivariable 185 patients with esophageal cancer and 185 controls in Nantong. Unconditional Logistic regression was used to analyze the suspicious factors by univariate and multivariate analysis. [Results] Logistic regression analysis showed that the factors associated with esophageal cancer were: eating salty food, eating fast, eating hard food, eating hot food, regular meals, regular use of pesticides, (OR = 3.122, 95% CI: 1.778-5.482), fasting (OR = 2.753, 95% CI, P <0.01) (OR = 2.534, 95% CI: 1.169-5.496), eating hot foods (OR = 2.581, 95% CI: 1.059-4.030), major stress events , 95% CI: 2.569-8.278). Family history (OR = 2.011, 95% CI: 1.143-3.537) was a risk factor for esophageal cancer in Nantong City. [Conclusion] Nantong esophageal cancer is caused by a variety of carcinogenic factors, that is, under the action of environmental risk factors and genetic factors, comprehensive preventive measures should be taken.