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近年来苏南农村乡镇工业迅速发展,吸引了大量劳动力,普遍存在“青壮入厂做工,老弱下地种田”的现象,投入农田的劳动量减少,传统的精耕细作被粗放的经营方式所代替,出现种植制度单一、有机肥料减少、化学氮肥激增及农田杂草衍生等问题,导致粮食产量下降,农田生态系统的功能减弱。本文就农田杂草的发生、发展及其对生态系统的影响进行调查分析,以便引起有关方面重视,采取措施消灭杂草,恢复农田生态系统的良性循环。一、试验设置和调查方法
In recent years, the rapid industrial development in rural towns and villages in southern Jiangsu Province has attracted a large amount of labor force. The phenomenon of “young and strong working in factories and farming under old age and weakness” has been widespread. The amount of labor devoted to farmland has been reduced. Traditional intensive farming practices have been replaced by extensive ones. The emergence of a single planting system, the reduction of organic fertilizers, the proliferation of chemical nitrogen fertilizer and the derivative of farm weeds have led to the decline of grain output and the weakening of the functions of farmland ecosystems. In this paper, the occurrence and development of farmland weeds and their impact on the ecosystem were investigated and analyzed in order to draw the attention of relevant parties and take measures to eliminate weeds and restore the virtuous circle of farmland ecosystem. First, the experimental setup and investigation methods