目前,世界各国日益倾向于采取军民兼顾的技术政策,以便在科技发展中谋求军事实力与经济竞争能力同时增强。美国政界、军界、军工企业和科技界近年来一直在议论技术政策以及军工生产和科研能力调整问题。其中有些方面已经形成共识,并正在或即将付诸实施;有些正在酝酿和讨论之中。所有这些,都已经或者即将对美国政治、军事、科技、经济产生重大的影响。本文就美国近年来关于军民两用技术政策及相关问题的讨论情况作一简介。 At present, all countries in the world are increasingly preferring to adopt a technical policy that takes both military and civilian demands into consideration, so as to simultaneously increase their ability to seek military strength and economic competitiveness in the development of science and technology. In recent years, the U.S. political circles, the military circles, the military industrial enterprises and the scientific and technological circles have been discussing the issue of technical policies and the readjustment of their military production and research capabilities. Some of them have reached consensus and are or will soon be implemented; some are in the pipeline and under discussion. All of these have had or will have a significant impact on the political, military, science and technology, and economy of the United States. This article gives an introduction to the discussions on the dual-use military technology policy and related issues in the United States in recent years.