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目的采用水质综合指数评价方法对青海省部分地区小型集中和分散式供水水质监测资料分析评价。方法以GB5749-2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》中“小型集中式供水和分散式供水部分水质指标及限值”为标准,按照“综合评价分值F”计算方法和步骤,计算出水质综合评价指数,对2008年青海省10个县小型集中和分散式供水部分水质卫生监测资料进行水质综合指数评价和水质质量分级。结果 10个县枯、丰水期水质理化、毒理指标类指数均小于1,监测结果均未超过“小型集中式供水和分散式供水部分水质指标及限值”。丰水期非常规指标水质类指数均小于1,未超过卫生标准,枯水期有9个县非常规指标水质类指数未超过卫生标准。微生物指标类指数枯水期有4个县、丰水期有5县水质类指数大于1,监测结果超过“小型集中式供水和分散式供水部分水质指标限值”。10个县546个供水监测点枯、丰水期水质达到“优良”分别占21.61%、13.19%,达到“良好”分别占54.21%,62.45%,达到“较好”分别占11.90%,9.34%。结论 546个小型集中和分散式供水系统中,部分水源封闭不良。制水处理工艺简单,基本采用沉淀-粗砂过滤模式。卫生部门应加强对出厂水质的日常性卫生监测,确保生活饮用水质安全。
Objective To evaluate and evaluate the monitoring data of small-scale centralized and decentralized water supply in some areas of Qinghai Province by adopting the water quality comprehensive index evaluation method. Methods Based on the standard of “small-sized centralized water supply and decentralized water supply part of water quality indicators and limits” in GB5749-2006 “Drinking water health standard”, according to the calculation method and procedure of “comprehensive evaluation score F” Comprehensive evaluation index of effluent quality, evaluated the comprehensive water quality index and water quality classification of the data of small-scale centralized and decentralized water supply sanitation monitoring in 10 counties of Qinghai Province in 2008. Results The physical, chemical and toxicological index indices of water quality in dry and wet season in 10 counties were all less than 1, and the monitoring results did not exceed “Small Water Quality Indicators and Limits of Partial Central Water Supply and Distributed Water Supply”. In the wet season, the unconventional indicators of water quality indices were all less than 1, which did not exceed the hygiene standards. Nine counties in the dry season did not exceed the hygiene standards for the non-conventional indicators. In the dry season, there are 4 counties in the index of microbial index, and the water quality index of 5 counties in the wet season is more than 1, and the monitoring result exceeds the limit of the water quality index of the small centralized water supply and decentralized water supply. 546 water supply monitoring stations in 10 counties were withered and the water quality in the wet season reached 21.61% and 13.19% respectively, reaching 54.21% and 62.45% respectively, reaching “Better” respectively Accounting for 11.90% and 9.34%. Conclusion In 546 small centralized and decentralized water supply systems, some water sources are poorly sealed. Water treatment process is simple, the basic precipitation - coarse sand filtration mode. Health departments should strengthen the routine health monitoring of water quality to ensure that drinking water quality and safety.