一、诺尔斯成人教育理论特点诺尔斯认为:成人与儿童不同,其本质上具有自主人格,自我概念具有强烈的自主性,这种自主性在学习中表现为自我指导的倾向,尽管也有成人在学习中表现出依赖性,但那是非本质的,是早年儿童时期教育经历或其它因素影响的结果,成人的学习定向是“任务中心”、“问题中心”或“生活中心”。本着这样的理念,诺尔斯表示,学习本质上是一个内部的过程,学习者的经验和需要是有效学习的重 First, Knowles’s Theory of Adult Education Theory Knowles: adults and children are different in nature, with their own personality, self-concept has a strong autonomy in the learning of self-directed performance of the trend, although there are adults in Learning shows dependence, but that is non-essential, is the result of early childhood education experience or other factors, adult learning orientation is “mission center”, “problem center ” or “life center ”. In this philosophy, Knowles said learning is essentially an internal process, and learners’ experience and needs are important to effective learning