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背景:对涂阳肺结核可疑症状者的诊断和治疗延迟可能会使其密切接触者成为新的患者。特别是在一些密闭的环境中,如在拥挤的公交车上,乘客和公交人员都处于感染肺结核的风险中。目的:了解研究地区结核病患者的发病率,以及公交人员中结核病和耐多药结核病患者的比例。方法:根据2007年1月1日至2008年6月30日期间内部卫生体系中所有结核病发病患者的病案资料,计算粗发病率和间接标化发病率。分析公交人员中结核病患者的比例以及在公交部门工作和耐多药结核病的相关性。结果:公交人员的结核病标化发病率比所有男性工作年龄组人群和研究地区全部人群的标化发病率高2.7～4.5倍。结核病、耐多药结核病和在公交部门工作的相关性较高(比值比分别为OR=3.06,95%CI:2.2～4.2,OR=3.14,95%CI:1.1～9.1)。结论:结果表明,日常乘坐公交车是感染结核病的一个危险因素,在与秘鲁相似国家中其也是感染结核病的一项职业危险因素。
BACKGROUND: Delay in diagnosis and treatment of suspected smear positive smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis may make it a new patient with close contacts. Especially in confined environments, such as crowded buses, passengers and public transport personnel are at risk of contracting tuberculosis. Objectives: To understand the incidence of tuberculosis patients in the study area and the proportion of tuberculosis and multi-drug resistant tuberculosis among public transport personnel. METHODS: Crude and indirect rates were calculated based on medical records of all patients with tuberculosis in the internal health system from January 1, 2007 to June 30, 2008. Analyze the proportion of tuberculosis patients among public transport personnel and the relevance of their work in the public transport sector to multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Results: The standardized incidence rate of tuberculosis among public transport workers was 2.7 to 4.5 times higher than that of all the male working age groups and all the population in the study area. Tuberculosis, MDR-TB and work in the public transport sector were more relevant (OR = 3.06, 95% CI: 2.2-4.2, OR = 3.14, 95% CI: 1.1-9.1). CONCLUSIONS: The results show that daily bus travel is a risk factor for tuberculosis and is also an occupational risk factor for tuberculosis in similar countries to Peru.