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本文比较研究了Fe(II)浓度为0.01、0.05、0.1、0.5、1、2mg/L及不同处理时间下大菱鲆幼鱼(Scophthalmus maximus)外周血红细胞核异常以及碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)活力的变化。结果表明,在整个实验期间,0.01mg/L处理组的核异常细胞率及总核异常率均无明显变化。但0.05mg/L的Fe(II)可以引起大菱鲆血液红细胞中出现微核、核质外凸、核质内凹、双核等损伤,这种损伤表现出一定的时间累积效应。在0.1mg/L及较高浓度组中,也都观察到核异常现象:处理1天时,2mg/L组大菱鲆红细胞的核异常率及总核异常率明显增高(P<0.05)。处理14d、28d时,核异常细胞率、总核异常率则随着水中Fe(II)浓度的升高先上升、后下降、再上升。AKP和SOD活力检测显示,第1天时,各处理组的AKP活性与空白对照组及抗坏血酸对照组之间没有显著差异,SOD活力则随着Fe(II)浓度的增加先上升、后下降。到第14天时,1mg/L组和0.5mg/L 2个较高Fe(II)浓度的处理组的AKP活力显著高于空白对照组,但各处理组SOD活力与2个对照组之间差异不显著。第28天,各组的AKP活力随Fe(II)浓度的升高呈现先上升后下降的趋势,各组之间的SOD活力差异依然不显著,但总体上也表现出先升后降的趋势。本文结果有助于评估水中Fe(II)对大菱鲆幼鱼的毒性作用,并为养殖水体中Fe(II)安全浓度的确定提供依据。
In this paper, the peripheral blood erythrocyte nuclear anomalies and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) in the turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) at different Fe (II) concentrations of 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1, Changes of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. The results showed that in the whole experiment, the 0.01mg / L treatment group nuclear abnormal cell rate and total nuclear anomalous rate showed no significant change. However, 0.05mg / L Fe (II) could cause micronucleus, extraucleation of cytoplasm, concave of nucleus, dual nucleus and other damage in red blood cells of turbot, which showed a certain time cumulative effect. In the 0.1 mg / L and higher concentration groups, nuclear anomalies were also observed: the nucleus anomalies and total nuclear anomalies were significantly increased in the 2 mg / L group at 1 day (P <0.05). When dealing with 14d and 28d, the rate of nuclear abnormal cells and total nuclear anomalies increased first, then decreased and then increased with the increase of Fe (II) concentration in water. The activity of AKP and SOD showed that there was no significant difference between the AKP activity and the blank control group and the ascorbate control group on the first day. The SOD activity first increased and then decreased with the increase of the Fe (II) concentration. By the 14th day, AKP activity of 2mg / L Fe (II) treatment group was significantly higher than that of the blank control group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups Not obvious. On the 28th day, the activity of AKP in each group showed the trend of first rising and then decreasing with the increase of Fe (II) concentration. The difference of SOD activity between the groups was still insignificant, but it also showed the trend of increasing first and then decreasing generally. The results of this paper are helpful to evaluate the toxic effects of Fe (II) in juvenile fish and to provide a basis for the determination of Fe (II) in aquaculture water.