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以追求城市的知识溢出效应为主要动力的技能型劳动力更多地流向了一二线城市,非技能型劳动力大部分流向三四线城市,劳动力流动方向的分化导致新生劳动力对于居住城市的偏好分化。有效需求方对知识溢出能力强的城市具有较强偏好,对知识溢出能力弱的城市偏好较低,偏好差距放大了城市间的房价差距,奠定了公众对于高房价地区房价上涨的预期,在土地供给政策、货币政策、投机需求及金融工具的作用下,沿海一二线城市与内地三四线城市的房价进一步分化。
Skilled labor with the spillover effect of knowledge spillover from city to city is more likely to flow to first- and second-tier cities. Most of the unskilled labor flows into third- and fourth-tier cities. The differentiation of labor mobility leads to the differentiation of new labor force’s preference for residential cities. The effective demand side has strong preference for cities with strong knowledge spillover ability and lower preference for cities with weak knowledge spillover capacity. The preference gap enlarges the housing price gap between cities and lays the public’s expectation of rising house prices in areas with high housing prices. Supply policy, monetary policy, speculative demand and financial instruments, housing prices in tier-one and tier-two cities across the sea and those in tier-three and tier-four cities in the Mainland are further differentiated.