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建立了SiC_P/Al复合材料的三维微观结构模型,并纳入了复合材料界面力学与材料力学模型。采用有限元法与拉伸实验探究了复合材料受载时的应力应变分布与界面力学行为。结果表明:复合材料在载荷的作用下,基体产生不均匀塑性变形,大部分界面发生持续性开裂,但仍有界面保持粘接,这部分界面与载荷方向平行,受到较小的切应力,因此未发生破坏。不同界面强度对复合材料的力学性能影响很大,界面强度大于500 MPa后复合材料性能提高较少;低于200 MPa后,复合材料力学性能急剧下降。实验曲线与200 MPa界面强度计算曲线较为吻合。
The three-dimensional microstructure model of SiC_P / Al composites was established, and the interface mechanics and material mechanics model of composites were included. The stress-strain distribution and interfacial mechanical behavior of composites were investigated by finite element method and tensile test. The results show that the composites underwent non-uniform plastic deformation under the action of load, and most of the interfaces were continuously cracked. However, the interface was still bonded, and the interface was parallel to the load direction with less shear stress. Therefore, No damage occurred. The mechanical properties of the composites are greatly affected by the strength of different interfaces. The mechanical properties of the composites decrease sharply when the interface strength is greater than 500 MPa. The experimental curve is in good agreement with the calculated curve of 200 MPa interfacial strength.