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目的 :对食管癌高、低发区无症状居民食管粘膜组织活检结果进行分析。方法 :随机在高发区抽取 30岁以上无症状居民 16 84例和低发区 30岁以上无症状居民 2 94例 ,进行食管纤维内镜检查 ,粘膜活检和组织病理检查。结果 :高发区 16 32例调查对象中 ,共发现 17例早期食管癌患者 (SCC ,1.1% ) ,91例间变患者 (DYS ,5 .6 % ) ,80 7例基底细胞过度增生患者 (BCH ,4 9.4 % ) ,Barrett’s食管 12例 (0 .7% )。低发区 2 70例活检调查对象中 ,共发现BCH 94例 (34.8% ) ,DYS 3例 (1.1% ) ,Barrett’s食管 3例 (1.1% ) ,未发现早期SCC患者。结论 :无症状人群普查是发现早期食管癌患者及各级癌前病变患者最有效的手段。与 15a前该地区人群普查结果相比 ,食管癌和癌前病变检出率无明显差异 ,提示食管癌仍然是该地区人群最严重、最常见的恶性肿瘤。
Objective: To analyze the biopsy results of esophageal mucosa in asymptomatic residents with high and low esophageal cancer. Methods: A total of 1684 asymptomatic residents over the age of 30 and 2 94 asymptomatic residents over the age of 30 in the high incidence area were randomly selected for esophageal fibroscopy, mucosal biopsy and histopathological examination. Results: A total of 16 32 patients with early esophageal cancer (SCC, 1.1%), 91 patients with inter-change (DYS, 5.6%) and 807 patients with basal hyperplasia (BCH , 4 9.4%), Barrett’s esophagus in 12 cases (0.7%). In the low-risk area of 2 70 biopsies, 94 (34.8%) patients were found BCH, 3 patients (1.1%) with DYS, and 3 patients (1.1%) with Barrett’s esophagus. No patients with early SCC were found. Conclusion: Asymptomatic population screening is the most effective means to detect patients with early esophageal cancer and precancerous lesions at all levels. There was no significant difference in the detection rate of esophageal cancer and precancerous lesions compared with the results of the population survey in the area before 15a, suggesting that esophageal cancer is still the most serious and most common malignancy in the population in this area.