灰铸铁中添加微量的硼能显著提高耐磨性,这是由于硼使铸铁基体组织出现硬质相的缘故。硬质相的数量、形态对铸铁机械性能和加工性能有显著的影响。生产实践表明:硬质相在基体中的出现,不受壁厚和化学成份限制;硬质相的形态与结晶速度有关;在一 The addition of a trace amount of boron in gray cast iron can significantly improve the wear resistance due to the boron in the hard phase of the cast iron matrix. The number and morphology of hard phases have a significant influence on the mechanical properties and processing properties of cast iron. Production practice shows that the appearance of hard phase in the matrix is ​​not limited by wall thickness and chemical composition; the morphology of the hard phase is related to the crystallization speed;