五四新文化运动的发生并不是偶然的,它有着深刻的思想文化背景,五四新文化运动所提出的许多观点在戊戌变法、辛亥革命时期已经提及,只是五四新文化运动将它们继续深化和发展。本文将从对儒学的批判、对国民性的剖析、对封建专制的批判、对民主科学的认识、对白话文的提倡五个方面对这一问题进行初步的探讨。 The May Fourth New Culture Movement took place not by chance. It had a profound ideological and cultural background. Many of the views put forward by the May Fourth New Culture Movement were already mentioned in the Reform Movement of 1898 and the Revolution of 1911. Only the May Fourth New Culture Movement continued Deepen and develop. This article will make a preliminary discussion on this issue from five aspects: the critique of Confucianism, the analysis of national character, the criticism of feudal autocracy, the understanding of democratic science and the promotion of vernacular Chinese.