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日语从句的时态的用法不像单句那样单纯,它要受到多方面因素的制约:既有主句的时态的影响,又有说话人当时所处的时间的影响。这是一个相当复杂棘手的问题,其中尤以动词作谓语的从句最为复杂。本文就以动词从句为中心,从决定从句时态的视点入手,探讨一下这类从句时态的用法规律。 一 从句时态的种类 本文所涉及的时态问题,包括了以动词,形容词、形容动词和助动词为谓语的所有情况,由于动词做谓语的场合占了绝大多数,本文就以动词时态为代表进行叙述。
The usage of the tense of Japanese clause is not as simple as that of a single sentence. It is subject to many factors: the tense effect of both the main clause and the time when the speaker is present. This is a rather complex and intractable problem, in which the clause of the verb, especially the predicate, is the most complicated. This article takes the verb clause as the center, starting from the viewpoint of deciding the temporal clause of the clause, and discusses the usage law of the tense of such clauses. The temporal type involved in this article includes all the cases of verbs, adjectives, verbs and auxiliary verbs. Since the majority of the verbs do predicates, this article uses the verb tense as The representative narrates.