知情同意权行使主体在实践中有家属和患者本人两类,但行使情形还很混乱。有必要对患者和家属行使的具体情形进行归类。对于家属履行顺位问题,应以患者的最佳利益为原则。父母作为监护人代为行使时为一方还是双方,原则上应为双方,特殊情况下可告知一方。 The subject of exercise of informed consent has two types of family members and patients in practice, but the exercise is still very confusing. It is necessary to classify the specific circumstances in which patients and their families exercise. The order of performance for the family members should be based on the best interests of patients for the principle. Whether one parent or both parents act as guardians on their behalf should, in principle, be both parties, and in exceptional circumstances may tell one party.